بررسی تنوع کاریوتیپی پنج رقم سیر با استفاده از تجزیه به عامل ها

This investigation was carried out to study the karyotype diversity of five garlic (Allium Sativum L.) varieties in Isfahan Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources. Karyotype of mitotic cells in metaphase of root apical meristem in germinated seeds was studied. The base number of chromosomes was x = 8 and all populations were diploid. Experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with five replicates and mean comparison with Duncan's multiple range test (at 5%) among the five varieties of garlic. Based on Stebbins two-way table the Isfahan and Jiroft populations in class 3B and Bam, Kerman and Hamedan populations were located in class 2B. Analysis of variance showed significant differences for the total chromosome length, long and short arm length and the relative length of the shortest chromosome (p < 0.01), short arm length to long arm length, differences between the largest and smallest relative length of chromosomes, asymmetry index, the percentage of the overall shape and relative length of the long arm (p < 0.05) which indicates the chromosomal diversity in the populations. Factor analysis introduced three factors (first, second and third) that justified more than 99 percent of total variation among populations. In first factor TF% and r-value traits were identified as the most important factors while TL and LA traits in the second factor were highly effective. As well as S% was the most important in creation of the third factor. All populations were classified in two groups by cluster analysis. Bam, Jiroft, Kerman, and Hamedan in the first group and Isfahan population in the second group.